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About this paper

Hoang Vu, Maximilian Körner, Adrian Rebmann, Gabriel Kevorkian, Michael Perscheid, Gregor Berg, Timotheus Kampik

Agent Behavior Mining (ABM) adapts XES-compatible process mining to generative AI agents by recording LLM calls, tool use, handoffs, timing, tokens, costs, errors, and behavioral variants as analyzable events. In a 371-case order-to-cash demonstration, ABM exposed process deviations and resource usage, while 83% of 18 practitioners reported improved transparency and 78% identified process variants as its most useful insight.

Key insights

  • Process mining can turn agent-level execution traces into governance evidence: conformance analysis identified omitted steps such as missing total calculations and skipped preparation-time estimates.
  • Behavioral variation is not automatically harmful; comparing execution variants helps distinguish useful flexibility from policy drift, instability, or unnecessary cost.
  • Governance requires more than output inspection. Versioned prompts, agent handoffs, token and cost attribution, human-review checkpoints, and concise explanations may all be needed to make autonomous workflows controllable.

Summary by alphaXiv.

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