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About this paper
Ferran Bohigas-Daranas, Hamid Latif-Martinez, Nicolas Llorens, David Bru i Bru, Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt, Eduardo Prieto-Araujo, Pere Barlet-Ros
The paper surveys cyber-physical risks in power grids, distinguishes information technology from operational technology, and maps standards to communications, control systems, and security management. It describes the Purdue model as a baseline, reviews detection directions, and cites 2016 Industroyer outage affecting approximately 225,000 Kyiv customers for one hour. It concludes layered risk management is needed, but reports no evaluation results.
Key insights
- Availability and integrity generally take priority over confidentiality in grid OT because disruptions or falsified data can directly affect physical processes and protection decisions.
- Modernization weakens traditional security boundaries: distributed assets, external platforms, and IT–OT integration create routes that conventional substation-centric models may not capture.
- Network anomalies alone may miss syntactically valid false-data attacks; topology-aware learning and physical-consistency checks can provide additional detection capabilities, though operational data and false alarms remain constraints.
Summary by alphaXiv.
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