Reproduce “MLLMs Fail to Refuse when Using Tools Agentically” on OpenResearch

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About this paper

Rikiya Takehi, Ryo Hachiuma, Shaona Ghosh, Dan Zhao, Yu-Chiang Frank Wang, Yusuke Hirota

The authors compare no-tool and tool-using multimodal language models on paired harmful image-query requests across three safety benchmarks. They define refusal failure rate (RFR) as the rate of harmful requests not refused. Tool use raised RFR for every model on every benchmark, averaging 5.7 percentage points and 17.7% relative. The result is limited to the tested models, prompts, and benchmarks.

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