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About this paper

Fabio Hübel, Adam Lilja, Yue Yin, Siming He, Claire Tomlin, Shankar Sastry, Jonas Frey, Marco Pavone

BT-Agent lets a language model choose among predefined robot skills while local behavior trees check whether a running skill may continue and interrupt it without another model call. Its 9B Qwen3.5 NVFP4 configuration reaches 54.7% task-weighted success on text tasks, versus 49.7% for ReAct. Robot trials show commanded velocity reaches zero a median 19 ms after local acceptance, not physical stopping.

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