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About this paper
Daryl DeFord, Thomas Ratliff, Ellen Veomett
The authors model how ranked ballots and single transferable vote (STV) in multimember districts affect partisan representation in state senates. Using precinct election data, they compare ensembles of possible maps under two ballot models. In 41 state studies, proportional Democratic seat counts fell within ensemble ranges in 33 states, but the modeled, mostly four-member comparison does not establish real-world outcomes or diagnose gerrymandering.
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