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About this paper

Fei Bai, Huatong Song, Chuan Hao, Ran Tao, Jian Yang, Bryan Dai, Wayne Xin Zhao, Ji-Rong Wen

The authors introduce Harness Scaling, training agents across 18 selected configurations from a 243-harness space while keeping tasks and environments fixed and assigning nearby harnesses to each task. On unseen Claude Code, Qwen3-4B-Instruct reached 37.22 average Pass@1 across three benchmarks, versus 33.38 for black-box RL trained through OpenClaw; this supports transfer only in the tested setting.

Summary by alphaXiv.

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