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About this paper

Bowen Zheng, Jintao Lin, Changheng Yi, Haoran Yang, Binxiao Huang, Chenyang Lei, Rui Liu, Xihui Liu

The authors introduce MDMR-Bench, a 2,390-case benchmark for multi-reference image generation, covering five task families and evaluating outputs with binary global and atomic checklist questions. Checklist judging has higher overall inter-judge agreement than scalar scoring (0.77 versus 0.60), but not for Quality. Under Gemini-3-Pro, GPT-Image-2 scores 88.8% Overall versus FLUX.2’s 51.3%; Overall equally averages task families, not individual cases.

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